Heterocyclic triglycidyl compounds

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to new triglycidyl compounds of the formula:   wherein X represents a bivalent alkylene group required for the formation of a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, and R represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The new triglycidyl compounds are stable in storage and from them are obtained, after curing, synthetic materials having good mechanical strength and high dimensional stability under heat.

United States Patent 191 Habermeier et al.

[ Sept. 23, 1975 HETEROCYCLIC TRIGLYCIDYL COMPOUNDS [75] Inventors: Juergen Habermeier, Pfeffingen;

Daniel Porret, Binningen, both of Switzerland [73] Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Ardsley,

[22] Filed: Mar. 14, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 451,256

Related U.S. Application Data [62] Division of Ser. No. 238,982, March 28, 1972, Pat.

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Primary Examiner-Melvin Goldstein Assistant Examiner-E. Nielsen Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Vincent .l. Cavalieri; Nestor W. Shust [57] ABSTRACT The invention relates to new triglycidyl compounds of the formula:

wherein X represents a bivalent alkylene group required for the formation of a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, and R represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,

The new triglycidyl compounds are stable in storage and from them are obtained, after curing, synthetic materials having good mechanical strength and high dimensional stability under heat.

3 Claims, No Drawings HETEROCYCLIC TRIGLYCIDYL COMPOUNDS This is a Division of application Ser. No. 238.982. filed on Mar. 28. 1972 now U.S. Pat. No. 3.821.243. issued Jun; 28. 1974. 5

The invention relates to new heterocyclic triglycidyl compounds, to a process for their production, as well as to the use thereof.

Heterocyclic compounds containing glycidyl groups are known. e.g. from the German Offenlegungsschriften 1.932.305 and 1.932.306. as well as from the French Pat. No. l.394.438 and from the Swiss Pat. No. 345.347. The processes for the production of such compounds are not satisfactory in all cases asthey are mostly expensive processes. The products produced by the prior known processes frequently present problems with regard to storage. and are not always easy to process. Furthermore. the cured products often do not satisfy the mechanical requirements. It has now been The new triglycidyl compounds are as a rule clear co lourless to bro\\-'n-colourecl liquids which are highly viscous at room temperature and do not crystallise out.

They can be easily processed at temperatures of 60 120C. together with curing agents such as dicarboxylic acid anhydrides. e.g. phthalic acid anhydride or hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride. to obtain curable mixtures from which are produced. after curing. mechanically and electrically highgrade shaped materials. They are applicable. in particular. for the production of laminating resins. moulding materials, casting resins. and lacquer resins.

The starting materials of formula I] for the production process according to the invention are likewise new, and can be obtained by the following procedures:

A. 2 Moles of a cycloureid of formula III:

found that good storagestable heterocyclic triglycidyl 30 compounds possessing after curing high mechanical L (m) strength with high dimensional stability under heat and corresponding to formula I: 0

X-C CX O l l R l l O l H CCH-CH- ,N N-CH C CH N N-CH CHCH (ll C O C II I ll 0 CH CH-CH- 0 wherein X represents a bivalent alkylene group required for the formation ofa 5- or 6-membered heterocycle. and R represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having I to 4 carbon atoms. are surprisingly easily obtaincd by the reaction of compounds of formula ll:

with epihalogenhydrin with elimination of hydrogen halide.

andR stands for hydrogen.

are condensed with 1 mole of l.3-dichloropropan-2-ol containing in 2-position the radical R.

B. l Mole of a cycloureid of formula Ill is reacted with 1 mole of an epihalogenhydrin in the presence of alkali to give the corresponding monoglycidyl compound. To this is then added 1 further mole of the compound of formula III.

C. 1 Mole ofa cycloureid of formula III is converted with 1 mole of an epihalogenhydrin into the corresponding monohalogenhydrin compound. and this compound converted with a further mole of the compound of formula Ill into a compound of formula II.

D. 2 Moles of a cycloureid of formula III are condensed with l mole of epihalogenhydrin with elimination of hydrogen halide.

The process according to the invention for the production of the compounds of formula I is advantageously carried out with azeotropic removal of water in the presence ofa hydrogen halide acceptor. Suitable as such is. for example. alkali hydroxide, most simply sodium hydroxide in an equivalent amount or with a slight excess (5 3071). The epihalogenhydrin used is preferably epichlorhydrin. A further addition is made. optionally. of a catalyst. e.g. a quaternary ammonium halide such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide. tetraethylammonium bromide, or benzyltrimethylammonium chloride.

If the starting products of formula II are produced by the method D. then it is possible with the addition of the appropriate amount of epihalogenhydrin to obtain the final products of formula I with a single-stage process.

The production of certain starting materials of formula 11 is described in the following examples:

A. Production of 1.3-bis-('.5'-dimethylhydantoinyl- 3')-propan-2-ol.

lnto a 4-liter glass apparatus fitted with stirrer. thermometer and intensivecooler is placed. at room temperature. a mixture of 520 g of glycerin dichlorohydrin (l.3-dichloropropan-2-ol) 95% according to gas chromatogram [3.83 moles]. 981 g of 5.5-dimethy1- hydantoin, 99.5% [7.66 moles]. 582 g of finely ground anhydrous potassium carbonate [4.21 moles] and 960 ml of commercial dimethylformamide. The paste-like mixture is heated to 120C with slow stirring; as heating proceeds, the mixture becomes thinly liquid. There then occurs immediately an exothermic reaction with an intense evolution of C0 The heating-bath is removed and the pasty mass, which is tending to thicken. vigorously stirred. After removal of the heating-bath. the temperature rises to 124 126C. The exothermic reaction subsides after about minutes. and the temperature of the reaction mixture decreases to 116C. Stirring is carried out for a further 5 hours at 126C to complete the reaction; and the hot reaction mixture is then filtered, to separate potassium chloride. through a porcelain suction filter.

The mixture is concentrated to dryness in a rotary evaporator at 70 80C under a water-jet vacuum; the product is thus obtained as a clear. slightly yellowcoloured melt, which spontaneously crystallises out in the heat. To effect the removal of volatile constituents, drying is performed at 90C and 0.2 Torr until constant weight is obtained.

An amount of 1 .2126 g of a colourless to pale yellow crude crystallisate (theory: 1.1965 g) is obtained. which melts at 142C (Mettler FP 51). This crude product still contains some potassium chloride and unreacted starting products.

The elementary analysis shows: 46.8% C; 6.5% H; 16.1% N and 5.8% ash (calculated: 50.0% C; 6.4% H; 17.9% N).

The content of the desired bishydantoin in the crude product is accordingly about 86%.

For purification. the crude product can be recrystallised from 550 g of water. Thus obtained are 716.5 g (corresponding to 60.6% of the theoretical amount. relative to theapplied dimethylhydantoin) of purified product.

The thus purified 1.2-bis-(5',5'-dimcthylhydantoinyl-3)-propan-2-ol 3.31 (8- hydroxypropylenc)-5.S-dimethyl-hydantoin) of formula IV:

melts at 178 181C.

The elementary analysis shows: Found; 49.5% C 6.4% H 17.6% N 1.1% ash Calculated: 50.0% C 6.4% H 17.9% N 0% ash B. Production of hydantoinyl-3)-propan-2-ol A solution of 1 mole (185 g) of 3-glycidyl-5.5- dimethylhydantoin (epoxide content: 5.4 epoxide equivalents/kg) in 128 ml of dimethylformamide is stirred at 100C. In the course of 30 minutes. 128 g of dimethylhydantoin are added in small portions. The reaction is exothermic and the heating bath can therefore be removed; the temperature then rises to 130C. After the exothermic reaction has subsided. stirring is continued for 5 hours at 130C; the clear pale yellow reaction mixture is afterwards concentrated at C under a water-jet vacuum to dryness. and recrystallised from 150 ml of water. In this manner are obtained. after drying at 100C in vacuo. 152.8 g ofa fine colourless crystallisate (49% of the theoretical amount). which melts at 185.6C (Mettler FP 51).

The elementary analysis shows that the obtained product is 1.3-bis-(5,5'-dimethyl-hydantoinyl-3')- propan-Z-ol:

Found: 49.9%C 6.6% H 17.8% N

Calculated: 50.0% C 6.5% H 17.9% N

C 1. Production of 1,3-bis-(5,5'-dimethylhydantoinyl-3)-propan-2-ol A solution of 640.5 g of 5,5-dimethyl-hydantoin (5.0 moles) and 3.0 g of potassium chloride in 600 ml of water is stirred at C. To this clear colourless solution are then added dropwise. within 30 minutes, 647.5 g of epichlorhydrin (7.0 moles). Stirring is subsequently carried out for a further 240 minutes at 97C. The hot reaction mixture is then filtered off. and the clear pale yellow solution completely concentrated at 70C to dryness under a water-jet vacuum in a rotary evaporator. The mass is afterwards dried at 65C under 0.15 Torr until constant weight obtains. In this way are obtained 1.103 g of a clear. slightly yellow. highly viscous liquid of the theoretical amount), which gradually fully crystallises to form a-white crystal mass. On the basis of the chlorine analysis. the purity of the product is 90.2% (found: 14.5% chlorine, calculated: 16.07%). The remainder consists of the starting substances; there is moreover present a small proportion of 3-glycidyl-5.5-dimethyl-hydantoin. which was determined by epoxide titration (found: 0.2 epoxide equivalents/kg). The proton-magnetic resonance spectrum [60 Mc H-NMR. taken indeuterochloroform (CDCI at 35C with tetrmethylsilane as the standard (TMS)] indicates. by the presence of the following signals. that the structure of formula V is inagreement:

l.3-bis-( 5 .5 '-dimethyl- 8 1.42 6 protons (singlet) 3 3.50 3.75 4 protons' (multiplct) Cfl- .Cfl(li Cl 5 3.80 4.40 2 protons I (multiple!) OH 5 6.7 7.2 1 proton (broad singlet) Furthermore. the mass spectrum verifies the presence of the structure according to formula V by the existance ofthe molecule ion at 221 (=M H) ME (units of mass) (theoretical molecular weight 220.7) and of fragment ions at 205 ME (=M CH ),184 ME (=M HCl). 177 (=M HNCO). etc..

A mixture of 489.5 g of the stated 90.2% 3-(2- hydroxy-3-chloro-n-propyl)-5,5'dimethyl-hydantoin (20 moles), 207.5 g of 5,5-dimethyl-hydantoin. 152 g of anhydrous finely ground potassium carbonate and 300 ml of dimethylformamide is heated, with stirring, to 120C. There occurs an intense evolution of CO and the reaction mixture is stirred for a total period of 5 hours at 121 128C. Processing is carried out as described in detail under A. As crude product are obtained 623.5 g of a colourless crystal mass (99.8% of the theoretical amount), which contains the desired product with a degree of purity of about 929? (calculated from the elementary analysis). To effect the purification of the product, it is recrystallised from 310 ml of water. An amount of 465.0 g (corresponding to 73% of the theoretical amount) of a fine colourless crystallisate is obtained, which melts at 186 187C. The elementary analysis shows:

Found: 49.67! C 6.4% H 17.67r N Calculated: 49.9% C 6.4% H 17.97! N The product is accordingly identical to the 1,3-bis- (5,5-dimethyl-hydantoinyl'3')-propan-2-ol produced according to A. and 8.. The proton-magnetic resonance spectrum (60 Mc'HNMR, taken in DMSO,, against TMS) confirms moreover, by the presence of the following signals, the structure of formula IV:

5 1.25 12 protons (singlet): 2 C

8 3.1 3.) 6 protons (multiplct) NC1-1 Clfl-Cfl. .N

5 5.1 5.7 2 protons (broad singlet) 2 X N,H

C 2. Production of 1,3-bis-(5,5-dimethylhydantoiny1-3)-2-methylpropan-2-ol.

As described under C 1., 106.6 g of B-methylepichlorhydrin (1.0 electroanalysis, are reacted with 128.1 g of5,5-dimethyl-hydantoin in 140 ml of dimethylformamide, with employment of l g of lithium chloride as catalyst. After the dropwise addition of the epoxide, stirring is performed for a further 5 hours at l28l30C. Processing is carried out as described under A., and 206 g (88% of the theoretical amount) of a yellow. clear. highly viscous melt are obtained as the crude product, the purity of which, on the basis of the nuclear-resonance spectrum and electronalysis, is 7271.

A mixture of 193.5 g of this crude 3-(2-hydroxy-2- methyl-3'-chloro-n-propyl)-5.5dimethylhydantoin (corresponding to 0.592 moles), 62.8 g of finely powdered anhydrous potassium carbonate, 125 ml of dimethylformamide and 75.8 g of 5.5-dimethylhydantoin (0.592 moles) is stirred for 10 hours at 125C. An intense evolution of CO is. as usual, initially observed, which gradually decreases. The mixture is afterwards cooled to 80C, and 330 ml of water are added, the whole being then cooled, with stirring, to

0-5C. 1n the course of a few hours. the desired product crystallises out in the form of a colourless precipitate. This is filtered off, and dried at C under 20 Torr until constant weight is obtained. An amount of 118 g (corresponding to 61% of the theoretical amount) of a colourless powder is obtained which melts at 162164C. The mass spectrum shows the molecular ion (M) enlarged by one proton at 327 units of mass (ME Masseneinheiten units of mass), which is in agreement with the molecular weight of 326.4. Furthermore, the following fragmentations, amongst others, can be recognised: 311 MCH 309 (327H O), 308 ('MH O), 293 (311-H O): 185 (fragmentation between C and C of the bridge); etc.. Likewise, the proton magnetic resonance spectrum (60 Mc HNMR, in CDCl against TMS), shows that the new bishydantoin has the structure according to formula V1. 7

l 8 1.10 3 protons 1 X H;,CCO

(singlet) l 8 1,33 CH, 1,42 12 protons 2 X C (doublet) 3 8 2,90-3 10 1 proton (multiplct) (|--OH 8 3,63 4 protons (multiplct) 2 X N;, Cfl. 8 5.1-5.7: 2 protons (multiplct) 2 X N,H

Zl m/O O\H C CH TH, HN\/NCH -TCH N-H (V1) H OH O O D. 1. l,3-bis-(5,5-dimethyl-hydantoinyl-3')- propan-Z-ol In a 6-liter four-necked flask fitted with stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and dropping-funnel, 1973 g of 5,5-dimethy1-hydantoin (14.0 moles), 1,015 g of finely powdered anhydrous potassium carbonate (7.35 moles), 10 g of potassium chloride and 1,750 ml of dimethylformamide are stirred at C. An addition is made dropwise to this mixture, within 90 minutes and with vigorous stirring, of 7.12 g of epichlorhydrin (7.7 moles). The reaction becomes exothermic, and an intense evolution of CO commences. The heating bath is removed and the temperature rises to 135C. The exothermic reaction quickly subsides after completion of the dropwise addition. In order to complete the reaction, stirring is continued for 5 hours at 125C. The reaction mixture is diluted with 300 ml of dimethylformamide; whilst it is still hot, it is filtered off from the potassium chloride, and subsequently concentrated to dryness at C in the rotary evaporator under a water-jet vacuum. It is afterwards dried at 120C under 0.2 Torr to constant weight. In this manner are obtained 2,307 g of a crude product, which is recrystallised from 1,200 ml of water. An amount of 1,351 g (6271 of the theoretical amount) of a colourless fine crystallisate (without processing of the mother liquor) is obtained. The purified product melts at l9019lC. The elementary analysis too shows that the product is pure and corresponds to formula IV. This is also proved by identical proton magnetic resonance spectra.

Elementary analysis:

Found: 49.7% C 6.5% H 17.7% N

Calculated: 49.9% C 6.5?! H 17.97: N

D 2. 1,3-bis-(,5-dimethy1-hydantoinyl-3)-propan- 2-ol The procedure according to D 1. is repeated and the brown-yellow crude product characterised, of which 2307 g are isolated. The product melts at 149l52C and the elementary analysis shows that 5.3% of inorganic material is still present. The yield of organic substance is therefore 2.185 g (100% of. the theoretical amount) which, according to the elementary analysis, consists to the extent of about 9571 of the desired product. In order to remove the inorganic materials and the coloured byproducts, the crude product is finely ground in a cross beater mill, and then stirred together with 1,725 m1 of deionised water at room temperature to obtain a homogeneous mass. After one hours stirring the mass is filtered through a suction filter, and intensely dried by suction. A colourless filter cake is obtained, which is crushed, and dried in 24 hours at 100C under 30 Torr. The purified product is obtained in 71% yield (1,520 g). The product melts at 181183C, and the content of inorganic material is only 0.9%. For 'glycidylation reactions, the thus purified materials can be used exactly as the material produced according to D 1. D 3. 1,3-bis-(5'-methyl-5'-ethyl-hydantoinyl-3')- propan-2-ol Analogously to D 1., 148.3 g of S-methyl-S- ethylhydantoin (98.5%) (1.80 moles) containing 4% of sodium chloride are reacted with 46.25 g of epichlorhydrin (0.5 moles) in 500 ml of dimethylformamide under the action of 71.2 g of potassium carbonate (0.515 moles).

The reaction is performed and the reaction mixture processed according to D 1. An amount of 172.9 g of a brittle, clear, light-brown glass is thus obtained (theory: 170.2 g), which still contains as an impurity about 1.6% of dimethylformamidc. This crude product is further processed in its present form. The proton-magnetic resonance spectrum (60 Mo-HNMR) shows, besides a trace of dimethylformamide (6= 29 and 3.0), the presence of the desired molecule (formula V11) by the signals at 8='0.8 1.05 (multiplet), 8 1.45 (singlet), 8= =1.55 2.0 (multiplet), 6 3.5 3.7 (multiplet), 8 4.0 '4.2 (multiplet) and ii 5.5 6.2 (multiplet):

isopropylhydantoin (1 mole), 46.25 g of epichlorhydrin (05 moles), 71.2 g of potassium carbonate (0.515

As described under D 1.. a mixture of 142.2 g of 5- 6 moles) and 0.4 g of potassium chloride in 500 ml of dimethylformamide is caused to react. The processing to obtain the crude product, which requires no further purification. is carried out likewise as described under D 5 1.. Thus obtained are 171.8 g of a clear, gold-yellow,

glass-like product (theory: 170.2 g), which still contains about 1% of dimethylformamide as impurity. The proton-magnetic resonance spectrum shows, in agreement with the following structure (formula V111), the following signals: 5 =0.8 1.2 (triplet), 5 =2.0 2.3 (multiplet), 5 =6.0 6.3 (multiplet).

H C\ CH H C 0H,,

( H H C/ o 2 H s H H-N NCH C-CH N 'H (V111) ll OH ll 0 O D 5. 1,3-(5,5-pentamethylene-hydantoiny1-3')- propan-2-o1 By the procedure according to D 1., the addition and condensation are effected of 92.5 g of epichlorhydrin (1 mole) with 336.4 g of 5,5-pentamethylenehydantoin (2 moles) in 900 ml of dimethylformamide, with the addition of 142.3 g of potassium carbonate and 0.8 g of potassium chloride. Processing is carried out as described under D 1.. Thus obtained are 409.9 g of the desired bishydantoin (theory: 392.4 g), which still contains about 5% of dimethylformamide, as a clear-yellow crystal powder. For purification, recrystallisation is performed from dioxane/water: 2/1 in the ratio of 1:3.5. An amount of3l 4.5 g (80.2% of theory) ofa colourless, dust-fine crystallisate is thus obtained, which melts at 247.lC (Mettler FP 51, 1/min.).

The elementary analysis shows the following values:

Found: 57.9% C 7.3% H

Calculated 58.1% C 7.2% H

The mass spectrum is in agreement with the expected structure; the molecule ion is found at 392 units of mass (M-theory: 392.4%); the fragmentations also agree. The proton-magnetic resonance spectrum (60 Mc-HNMR) shows likewise that the below formula [X is in agreement:

D 6. 1,3 -bis-( 5 ,5 '-tetramethylene-hydantoinyl-3 propan-Z-ol v 1 1n the manner described under D 1., the following mixture is caused to react:

154.2 g of 5,5-te tramethylenehydantoin (1 mole) 46.25 g of epichlorhydrin (0.5 moles),

71.20 g of potassium carbonate (0.515 moles),

9 10 0.4 g of potassium chloride, tion is carried out under the stated conditions. The mix- 500 ml of dimethylformamide. ture is subsequently mixed with 100 ml of toluene and Processing and isolation of the desired bishydantoin fully concentrated by evaporation to remove traces of are performed likewise as described under D 1, With water. Drying to constant weight is then performed at out further characterisation, the crude product is re- 6570C in a rotary evaporator under 0.2 Torr. An crystallised direct from 360 ml of dioxane/water: 2:1. amount of 770 g of a clear. slightly yellow triglycidyl An amount of 98 g (54% of theory; without processing compound (100% of the theoretical amount), highly of the mother liquor) is obtained of a colourless, fine viscous at room temperature, is obtained, the epoxide crystallisate which melts at l85.2C (Mettler FP 51, content of the said triglycidyl compound being 6.20

2/min.). The proton-magnetic resonance spectrum is equivalents/kg (99.2% of the theoretical amount).

in agreement with formula X: The new triepoxide does not crystallise out even when standing for four months at 5C and at room temperature. After the addition of acetone or chloroform at the stated temperatures there is after 4 months likewise no detectable tendency for crystallisation to oc- 0 cur. The elementary analysis shows a total chlorine Q y T content of 1%; further analysis results are: 54.6% C; 2 2 (X) 6.8% H and 11.0% N (calculated: 54.9% C; 6.7% H and OH 11.6% N). The proton magnetic resonance spectrum (i 0 2O (60 Mc-HNMR, in CDCl against TMS) shows by the presence of the following signals, amongst others, that t b l t PRODUCTION EXAMPLES he e ow given struc ure [8 in agreement EXAMPLE 1 a: i i met: 2 c In a 6-l1ter glass apparatus fitted with stirrer, therl2 protons mometer, dropping funnel, and water separator for s= ,52 multiplet; o a circulation-distillation of specifically heavier solvents, and with reflux condenser and vacuum connection a 6 pn-mns 3 Xflzc C 8 305-320 multiplet 0 mixture of 500 g of 1,3-bis-(5,5-d1methylhydanto1nyl- 3 3 C CH 3)-propan-2-ol 1.6 moles) produced by application of 5 330420 g fgf 4 NECHF one of the previously described procedures, 17 g of 11 protons l x Cl OCl -l 50% aqueous tetramethylammonium chloride and 5,328 g of epichlorhydrin (57.6 moles) is stirred for 30 The infra-red spectrum (capillary absorption) too shows by the presence both of the hydantoincarbonyl absorption and of epoxide oscillations and COC minutes at 90C. A vigorous circulation distillation at 150-160C bath temperature under 50-70 Torr vacuum is then so arranged that there is a temperature of absorption and of epoxide oscillations and C-OC-- 60C in the reaction mixture. An addition is then made absorptions that the desired substance has been obdropwise in the course of 150 minutes, with vigorous tained. stirring, of 480 g of 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide so- The determination of the mean molecular weight by lution (6.0 moles); in the process of this the water presvapour pressure osmomentry (Mechrolab 302 B; ent in the reaction mixture is continuously azeotropimeasured in dioxane at 50C) gives M,, 470 (theory cally distilled off from the charge, separated from the 480). Furthermore, a gel permeation chromatogram returning epichlorhydrin, and removed. After complein tetrahydrofuran shows that the substance is molecution of the addition of sodium hydroxide solution, dislarly homogeneous to the extent of 85%. tillation is continued for a further 60 minutes with cir- The new triglycidyl compound accordingly correculation of the epichlorhydrin under the described consponds to formula XI:

H3C C H O O H;,C C H O H H C \CHCH2N NCH2-(I CH,N NCH2-CH CH (X1) l) l) f o i ditions, until no further traces of water are being sepa- 60 EXAMPLE 2 rated. The reaction mixture is afterwards cooled to about 40C.The formed sodium chloride is removed by AS in x mp 1125 g of the suction filtration. The epichlorhydrin solution is dimethyl-hydantoinyl-3)-2-methyl-propan-2-ol washed with 500 m1 of water. The organic phase is con- (0.3445 moles) produced as described under C 2. are

centrated in the rotary evaporator at 6070C bath 6 caused to react with 1435 g of epichlorhydrin (15.5

temperature under a water-jet vacuum. In order to remoles) with the action of 3.8 g of aqueous tetramove fractions volatile in water vapour, 200 ml of methylammoniurn chloride solution. Dehydrohalwater are added to the mixture, and complete distillaogenation is performed, according to Example 1, with 103.4 g of 50 aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1.294 moles). Processing and purification of the new triglycidyl compound are carried out likewise accord ing to Example 1.

EXAMPLE 4 An amount of 170 g of the bishydantoin (0.495 moles) obtained according to D 4 is reacted according An amount of 171 g of a viscous light-brown resin 5 to Example 1 with 1663 g of epichlorhydrin (17.98 (100% of the theoretical amount) is obtained of which moles), 5.3 g of 50?! aqueous tetramethylammonium the epoxide content is 5.67 equivalents/kg (93.5% of chloride solution and 149.6 g of 50% aqueous sodium the theoretical amount). The total chlorine content is hydroxide solution (1.869 moles). Obtained after the 1.5%. usual processing are 225.5 g of a clear light-yellow tri- The new epoxide resin consists essentially of moleglycidyl compound of formula XlV (89.6% of theory) cules corresponding to formula X11: having 5.32 epoxide equivalents/kg (90.271 of theory).

As described in Example 1, 165.3 g of the bishydanmm moles) produc cd accordlng to D 3 are The following substances are reacted analogously to acted with 1.615 g of epichlorhydrin (17.45 moles) the procedure described in Example 1:

under the catalytic action of 5.2 g of 50% aqueous tet- [962 g of the bishydamoin (05 moles) produced ramethylammonium chloride solution. Dehyd rochlocording to Example 5 rination is performed, likewise according to Example 1, 1,665 g of epichlorhydrin (18 moles),

with 145.1 ,g of aqueous sodium hydroxide solu- 53 g (50% aqueous tetramethylammonium chlo tion (1.815 moles). ride Solution After Processing and Purlflcatlon of the Product 149.7 g of 50 aqueous sodium hydroxide solution cording to Example 1, an amount of 226 g of a clear, 50 (L87 moles).

Viscous, light-brow" resin (914% of theory) is The reaction procedure and processing according to tained, of which the epoxide content is 5.84 equiv./kg Example 1 yield the f ll i g:

(99% of theory). The content of total chlorine is 0.9/(. 2535 g f |ight 0chre coloured resin 90 5% f h The product consists essentially of the triglycidyl comcry),

P of the following formula 5.26 epoxide equivalents/kg (98.4% of theory).

H;|CCH2 CH3 H,( CH CH;,

i to obtain a homogeneous, practically colourless melt.

According to the MNRspectrum, the new tri'glycidyl of the above mixture at 100C is 20 minutes (Tecam derivative corresponds to the following formula XV: Gelation Timer). The obtained moulded articles possess the following properties:

H I H2C -CHCH2N NCH2(|,CH,N N--CH2CH CH2 (XV) Y O Y o 0 CH\ /CH; 0

EXAMPLE 6 bending strength (VSM 77 I03): ll-lSlqt/mm deflection (VSM 77 103): 4-6mm impact bend strength (VSM 77 l05): l2-l4cm.kp/cm The following are reacted as described in Example 1: mechumca' dmcnsmnul i' at elevated temperature according to 96 g of the btshydantom (0.263 moles) produced ac- Martens pm 159C di to D 6 heat distortion (DlN 53 461): 1ns 171c water absorption (4 days/20C): 0.5-0.67: 877 g of eplchlorhydrm (9.48 moles), dielectric constants 2.8 g of 5071 aqueous tetramethylammonium chlo- (50 c. .s.)c, at 3? 1.6 ride solution 130C: i at [65 C: 3.8 78.8 g of 5071 aqueous sodium hydroxide solution dielectric loss factor (0.985 moles). We) m we 0 008 After processing as already described, an amount of at 150C: 0:008 y at 165C: 0.024 15925 g (99.6% of theory) of a clear, pale yellow resin currentflow rcsisnmcc m 25C: -10mm is obtained containing 5.39 epoxide equivalents/kg, tracking resistance and corresponding essentially to the following formula 30 93 Slugs KA 3C 21" l'CSlS ance XVII (VDE 0303) stage L 4 O H C CH-CH2N N-CH2-CHCH2N NCH2-CH CH2 (XVl) Y A Y o I 0 CH i" APPLlCATlON EXAMPLES EXAMPLE lll EXAMPLE I 100 Parts of the triepoxide produced according to Example 2 are mixed, processed and cured, according to Example II, with 83 parts ofihexahydrophthalic acid anhydride and 1.5 parts of benzyldimethylamine. Light-yellow clear moulded articles are thus obtained having the following properties:

A mixture is prepared of 54 parts of the triepoxide produced according to Example 1 with 6.2 epoxide equivalents/kg and 46 parts of phthalic acid anhydride. The mixture is processed at l20l30C, with stirring, 50

which is poured into aluminum moulds preheated to 120C. The melt is cured in 2 hours at 120C and in 11 hours at l50 C. and clear transparent moulded articles bending Strength (VSM 77 03):. l3 l7kplmm.l

are obtained having the following mechanical properdeflection (VSM 77 I03): 4-6mm ties. impact band strength (VSM 77 105 l4-l8.5cm.kp/cm bending strength (VSM 77.103); l3-l6kp/mm heat dislonim} (DIN 53 461 150C deflection (VSM 77.1031; 4.5-5.1mm water absvrplwn y 0 0577' water absorption (4 days/20C): 0.771

EXAMPLE n EXAMPLE [V A clear practically colourless melt is produced at 50C from 167 parts of the triepoxide produced ac- The mixing, Processing and curing are Carried as cording to Exam le 1 with 6,2 id i l /k described in Example ll, of 85.6 g of the triepoxide proand 146 part of h ahydm hth li id h d id duced according to Example 3 containing 5.84 epoxide To this mixture are added 2 g of benzyldimethylaq n /kg, and 73.3 g of hexahydrophthalic acid mine. and the homogeneous mixture is poured into aluanhydride. minium mo ld r h at d t C C i i By this procedure are obtained light-brown moulded formed in 2 hours at 100C, 2 hours at C. and 1] articles having the transparency of glass and Possessing hours at C. The gelling time of a 100 g specimen h following properties:

bending strength (VSM 77103): deflection (VSM 77103):

impact bend strength (VSM 77105): mechanical dimensional stability rclative dialeetric constants at elevated temperatures according i-- 50 -P- at SOZC: to Martens (DlN): 158C, at 100 C: 3.4. heat distortion (DIN 53461 )1 160C. at 130C cold water absorption at 140C: 3.5. (4 days 23C): 0.5671 at 150C: 3,6- boiling water absorption (1 h/l00C): 0.4271,. v

specific current-flow resistance 8,,

10 EXAMPLE V (DlN 53482)(D..cm) at 23C: 5.10 The mixing, processing and curing are carried out 210- cording to Example 11 of 188.0 g of the triglycidyl compound produced according to Example 4 containing EXAMPLE V" 5.32 epoxide equivalents/kg with 146.5 g of hexahydro- 15 I phthalic acid anhydride. The obtained clear lightl mlxmg- Processmg and Curmg are earned out yellow moulded specimens give the following values: cordmg to [EX-ample 11 0f g f mepoxlde P i duced according to Example 6 containing 5.39 epoxide equivalents/kg and 73.2 g of hexahydrophthalic acid are resistance (ASTM 495); 8 s g K.A 3 anhydride. The obtained moulded articles have the foltracking resistance (DlN 534 0): stage c. cold water absorption lowmg propertles' (4 days/23C): 0.58%, I flcxural strength (VSM 77103): 1 1.2512.48 kp/mm". flcflccuon (VSM 77103): flexural strength (VSM 77103): 10.22-1327kp/mm, impact bend strength (VSM 77105 )2 l0.3l0.5cm.kp/cm. dcflccfion (VSM 77 03 )2 4 5 9 dimensional stability at elevated 25 impact bend strength temperatures according to Martens (VSM 77 05 1 75 5 75 (D1N) dimensional stability at heat distortion (DIN 53461): 153C. elevated temperatures according to Martens (DlN): 147C, heat'distortion (DIN 53461): 156-158C. EXAMPLE VI .water absorption (4 days at 23C): 0.5071,

water absorption I The mixing, processing and curing are carried out ac- (1 C): cording to Example 11 of 190.1 g of the epoxide resin produced according to Example 5 containing 5.26 epoxide equivalents/kg with 146.5 g of hexahydrophthalic EXAMPLE V111 acid anhydride. In this manner are obtained light, clear COMPARISON EXAMPLE moulded specimens having the following properties: i I

a. A mixture 15 produced, as described in Example 11, flexural strength (VSM 77103): l().32l 1.68kp/mm", f f 0mm r impact hcnd strength (VSM 7710s): lZ.75cm.kp/cm I g e F tl'lglycldyhfiocyaflu dimensional smhmty at elevated rate containing 9.3 epoxide equivalents/kg and g of zg m according to Mime 47C 40 hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride. The processing and heat distortion (DlN 53461): iss-issc 3 are Performecl according to Example water absorption (4 days 23C): 0.3871. b. In accordance wltl't DOS 1,932,305 100 g Of 1,3- water absorption t (I hourm 100C): 028% dipropyl 5,7 diglycidylglycoluryl are mixed, Willi-St break down potential (50 c.p.s.) heating 15 applied, Wlth 41.6 g Of hCXHhydI'OPhIhaIIC (according to [EC Pub. 243) id h d i r n 20 seconds value: 205-215kV/cm. 45 y a d [.nlXture 1s the.n Cured m the making mimncc (mN534go); KA above mentioned aluminium moulds in 16 hours at are resistance (ASTM 495): stage 3. C. i gi ffigg 0.0042 The results of the comparison tests are given in the ill 5oc: 0.024: following table:

Properties Example 11 Comparison :1 Cpmparison b triglycidyll,3-dipropyl-5,7-

isocyanurate diglyeidyl-gly- (FP 1.394.438 col-uril (DOS et.al.) 1,932,305)

storage stability I of the product at very good poor unknown 30C (over lZmonths) (2-3 months) working properties very good I difficult as casting resin ,viscous. (crystals. insoluble (viscous on on heating constituents) heating) low viscosity i flexuralstren'gth, 11-15 9-10 10-11 (VSM) Kp/mm i deflection (V SM) 4-6 5-6 I impact bend strength (em k i heat distortion 175-176 (DIN) (C) glass-transition temperature Table -Continued Properties Example ll Comparison :1 Cpmparison h iriglycidyll.3-dipropyl-5.7- isocyanuratc diglycidyl-gly- (FP l.394 438 col-uril (DOS CLal.) 1.932305) dicl. constants ER C 3.6 1.7 l40C 3 .6 3 v6 3.7 [65C 3.8

dielectric loss factor tamS 20C (L008 0.008 140C 0,008 OtOl 0,022

current-flow resistance (lLcm) C 3,510 7.l()" 6.4.10

It can be seen from the table that wherein X is a. the working properties as a casting resin are better in the case of the mixture according to Example ll; 20

CH3 CH3 CH3 b. the mechanical strengths of the mixture cured according to Example II are in some cases appreciably higher than in the case of the comparison sub l I stances particularly with regard to Comparison 21); 25

c. the electric properties, especially at temperatures above 140C, are better in the case of the specimen CH-- (CH:),, C n=4 or 5 cured according to Example ll than in the case of I the glycoluril derivative.

We claim:

A curable mixture Consisting essentially of at and R is hydrogen or alkyl of l to 4 carbon atoms; and

at least one compound of the formula (b) an epoxy resin curing agent.

2. A curable mixture according to claim 1 wherein said curing agent is a dicarboxylic acid anhydride.

3. A curable mixture according to claim 1 wherein X c C X (I) said dicarboxylic acid anhydride is phthalic acid anhy- O dride or hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride. 

1. A CURABLE MIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (A) AT AT LEAST ONE COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA
 2. A curable mixture according to claim 1 wherein said curing agent is a dicarboxylic acid anhydride.
 3. A curable mixture according to claim 1 wherein said dicarboxylic acid anhydride is phthalic acid anhydride or hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride. 